新概念英语语法精粹汇总及巩固

　　语法是英语中最重要的一部分，下面是新概念英语的语法精粹汇总，并都附有练习巩固，希望对小升初的同学们有帮助。

　　第一章 英语动词时态

　　(Tenses)

　　英语时态是英语语法中的第一道难关，攻下此难关是作文、阅读、口语之关键。汉语用不同词表达相应时态，而英语用同一词的不同变化形式表达时态。

　　英语各种时态构成表：以play为例：

　　一般时态 进行时态 完成时态 完成进行时态

　　现在play playsis am playing arehas have playedhas have been playing

　　过去playedwas were playinghad playedhad been playing

　　将来shall will playshall will be playingshall will have playedshall will have been playing

　　过去 将来should would playshould would be playingshould would have playedshould would have been playing

　　一、一般现在时：

　　1．构成：使用动词原形，第三人称单数须有变化。

　　（1）直接加“s”，works，takes

　　（2）以辅音加“y”结尾，变“y”为“i”，再加“es”

　　carry → carries

　　（3）以“o, s, x, ch, sh”结尾的动词加“es”

　　goes dresses watches brushes

　　2．功能：

　　（1）表现在的事实、状态或动作：

　　eg: . Birds fly.

　  She loves music.

　　Mary's parents get up very early.

　　（2）表习惯性动作或职业，常与often，sometimes，usually，always，every week，seldom，occasionally，frequently等时间副词连用。

　　eg: . I always take a walk after supper.

　　. She writes to me very often.

　　. Tom and his girlfriend go out to take a picnic occasionally.

　　（3）表客观真理，格言警句或事实：

　　. The earth moves round the sun.

　　. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.

　　. Two and two makes four.

　　. No man but errs. 人非圣贤，熟能无过。

　　（4）表将来：

　　A．在由when，after, before，as，as soon as，although，because，if，even if，in case，till，until，unless，

　　so long as，where，whatever，wherever 等引导的状语从句中用一般现在时表将来发生的动作。

　　（黄金重点，所有考试都不放过它！）

　　例如： . I'll tell her when shecomes tomorrow.

　　. Even ifit rains this afternoon, I'll meet you.

　　. Whatever happens, you should keep cool-headed. （不错的句型，背下！！）

　　. I'll be right here waiting for you wherever you go.（很感人的句型！）

　　B．按时间表示将要发生的动作或事件，用一般现在时表达将来时概念。

　　. The play begins at 6:30 this evening.

　　. When does the plane take off?

　　. He leaves for that city next week.

　　. According to the timetable, the express train to Shanghai starts at nine in the morning.

　　（按照时刻表，开往上海的特快列车早上 7 点出发。）

　　测试精编

　　1. The Browns ________ a nice car and Brown's brother ________ a nice jeep.

　　A. have / have B. has / has C. have / has D. has / have

　　2. If their house ________ not like ours, what ________ it look like?

　　A. is / is B. is / does C. does / does D. does / is

　　3. - ________ you think he will come? - If it ________ tomorrow, he will not come.

　　A. Do / rains B. Are / rains C. Do / will rain D. Are / will rain

　　4. The little child ________ not even know that the moon ________ around the earth.

　　A. do / move B. do / moves C. does / moves D. did / moved

　　5. Many a student ________ fond of films, but a good student seldom ________ to the cinema

　　A. are / goes B. is / goes C. are / go D. is / go

　　二．现在进行时：is / am / are + 现在分词

　　1．表示现在正在进行的动作。如

　　. The kettle is boiling. Shall I make tea?

　　. Don't you think you eat too much? You're putting on weight（体重增加）。

　　. The workers are building a new bridge across the river.

　　2．表现阶段正进行的动作。

　　. He is taking physics this semester（本学期）。

　　. Weare preparing for our final examination this week.

　　3．go, come, leave, arrive, land, meet, die, start, return, join, etc. 用于进行时态时表示即将开始的动作。

　　. Look! The bus is coming.看！车来了！

　　. The old man is seriously ill, and he is dying.

　　. Alice is leaving for Beijing with her mother.

　　4．与 always, forever, continually, constantly 等副词连用，表示说话人带有感情色彩：赞赏或厌恶。

　　. He is always thinking of others.（他总是想着别人。）

　　. The boy is continually making noises.（这男孩不断地发出吵闹声。）

　　. The teacher is constantly (always) criticizing her for being late.（老师一直在批评她迟到。）

　　5．下面表示状态、感觉、情绪、精神活动的动词不可用于进行时。

　　（此条戒律请背 10遍！！！）

　　believe（相信），doubt（怀疑），see（看见），hear（听见） ，know（知道），understand （理解），belong（属于），think（认为），consider（认为），feel（觉得），look（看起来）， seem（看上去），show（显示），mind（介意），have（有），sound（听起来），taste（尝起来）， require（要求），possess（拥有），care（关心），like（喜欢），hate（讨厌），love（喜爱）， detest（憎恨），desire（意欲）

　　【简单记忆】：

　　● 永远不要说I'm believing...或He is seeing a house. 再简单一点说，这些动词后面不要随意加-ing.

　　● 可怕的是：我们在写作及口语中常犯此类大错！

　　● 注意：have a party / think about可以用进行时，因为这里have意为“举行”；think意为“考虑”。

　　测试精编：

　　1. How can you ________ If you are not ________ ?

　　A. listening / hearing B. hear / listening

　　C. be listening / heard D. be hearing / listening to

　　2.The girl even won't have her lunch before she ________ her homework.

　　A. will finish B. is finishing

　　C. had finished D. finishes

　　3. Those who have applied for the post（职位）________ in the office.（此题超前）

　　A. are being interviewed B. are interviewing

　　C. interviewing D. to be interviewing

　　4. The old scientist ________ to do more for the country.

　　A. is wishing B. has been wishing

　　C. wishes D. has been wished

　　5. If he ________, don't wake him up.

　　A. still sleeps B. is still sleeping

　　C. still has been sleeping D. will be sleeping still

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